Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2010 in Articles | 0 comments
Recently, one can operate on the nanometer scale prototype of a robot system developed by the CAS Shenyang Institute of Automation success, and adopted by the State “863″ theme of intelligent robot automation acceptance of the organization.
Nanotechnology is technology driven 21st century technology, the emergence and development of human society is to bring a new industrial revolution. Who can say mastered nanotechnology, whoever occupied the commanding heights of technological development in the 21st century, so the developed countries are a large number of inputs, conduct nanotechnology research.
A nanometer (1nm) is 10-9 meters, about equal to 10 argon atoms tied into the length of a straight line. In the nano-scale operations, often called the nano-micro-operation is an important part of nanotechnology, which aims at nanometer scale by the will of people to achieve mobility on nano-materials, plastic, characterization, and assembly work. Nanoparticles operation began in the 80′s, the invention of electron microscopy, have allowed scientists to explore the mysteries of atomic world to carry out micromanipulation study. In 1989, IBM scientists used scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), operating 35 xenon atoms to spell IBM in the nickel metal surface three letters, has become an influential world press, opened the first of its kind nano-micro operations. Atomic force microscope (AFM) is a scanning probe microscope (SPM), Shenyang Institute of Automation micromanipulator system developed, is to AFM and robot control were combined to realize the operation of nano materials.
In the project acceptance process, the research group made the robot micro-operation and demonstration: in a silicon chip, the operator controlled the robot in 1 × 2 m area on a clear carve “SIA” Three letters; other A demonstration showed a 5 × 5 m silicon chip, the operator will be a 4 m long, 100nm thick carbon nanotubes precise moment to move to a trench where good. Throughout the operation, the operator can feel the pushing force in the process of nano-objects, nano-objects that pushed the move.
The robot system in the nano-scale system modeling, three Wiener and perception and the concept of power for error analysis and compensation, a number of breakthroughs and innovation, and reach the world advanced level. In the project study, researchers realized the SPM nano-scanning movement mechanism and robot Monitor System integration technology; created nanoscale objects under the kinematic and dynamic analysis and model of the force probe three-dimensional deformation analysis and decoupling method; achieved Sensor Real-time acquisition and processing information, force / visual feedback and control of human-computer interaction, artificial / natural symbol position feedback control method and a series of key technologies to allow the robot control nanometer precision. Tests show that depicts operation, the 512 pixel area, repeat the positioning error of less than 5 pixels, more than 1% accuracy; mobile carbon nanotubes in operation, the repeat positioning accuracy is 30nm; and location-based road sign test , its positioning error is less than 4 nm.
According to reports, the robot can be observed in nano-scale, controllable operation ability can be widely used in nano-materials, power, electrical, chemical characteristics of scientific experiments, bio-engineering and medical research, teaching and other areas of micro-nano research in the IC industry, nano-assembly and processing device is a good prospect.
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Posted by admin on Jun 11, 2010 in Articles | 0 comments
Carbon, one of the most abundant element in nature, has the capability to be combined chemically with itself and with other elements by strong covalent bonds resulting in a variety of structures that enable the development of resources of Different properties. The carbon materials can be very solid as diamond or graphite as easily delaminated, very dense, high strength (composite materials carbon / carbon), and therefore appropriate for structural applications (aircraft and racing cars), or very porous (activated carbon); the latter being useful as adsorbents for energy storage or as a support for catalysts. They can be Extremely conductive (graphite) or insulating (vitreous carbon). This broad spectrum of properties is reinforced by the fact that only carbon resources are capable of operating at extreme temperatures in the most extreme conditions.
The carbon materials have been gathered much attention with the discovery of fullerenes and nanotubes. However, traditional carbon supplies have played an principal role since prehistoric period (pigment in cave paintings, a component of gunpowder, writing) and have contributed to the manufacturing and technological development of our society (steel).
The discovery of carbon fibers in the ’60s, with its eminent strength and flexibility, was a major achievement in the development of these materials. In parallel, we discover the vitreous carbon, named after filing a conchoidal fracture surface, with properties analogous to glass, very solid and brittle. At the same time, the discovery of brand new structural forms of graphitic carbon, needle and spherules, ostensibly contributed to the development of new carbon Materials for very diverse applications.
The outstanding biocompatibility of carbon materials, revealed in the 70s, its service in prostheses, ligaments and heart valves, among others.
In the early ’80s, the development of machinery for producing blocks of high-level density isotropic graphite allowed its application in high temperature reactors, in devices of synthesis of semiconductor crystals and to components of electric discharge electrodes. At mid-80s, the introduction of carbon fibers in civil engineering, architectural systems (buildings, bridges) with the discovery of fullerenes.
In the 90s, was discovered nanotubes, opening a modern era for carbon supplies: The era of the nanostructure. It is not just the world of carbon graphite flat structures or three-dimensional type diamond, but we are now with closed structures containing pentagons of carbon atoms and carbon tubes with diameters in the nanometer scale, made of a sheet plain curved carbon atoms in hexagonal distribution. The discovery of carbon nanotubes of a single wall (single) and multiple wall, stimulated the fascination of scientists and engineers in fields associated to nanotechnology. At the same time, new applications of the materials of the family of graphite, such as anode materials for Li-ion battery rechargeable carbon fiber water refining, activated carbon electrodes for electric double layer supercapacitors, etc. .
More recently, in 2004, was developed the isolating graphene, a flat sheet structure of an atom thick. Its exceptional electrical properties have revolutionized the field of science, finding application in electronics (ultra-fast computers, replacing the silicon), in the imminent construction of space elevators, individual protection systems (body armor) in the field of security etc.. In July 2008, researchers at Columbia University confirmed that this is the strongest material so far identified.
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Posted by admin on Jun 5, 2010 in Articles | 0 comments
Recently, Stanford University, Stanford professor of material science and engineering Cui Yi (YuCui) led the team developed a paper battery less than a month later, he led one group of troops, introduction of further “clothing
Power supply
“The intention of the people who are all into the power of clothing, can carry anytime, anywhere mobile
Electronic
Equipment charge.
And paper battery similar, researchers using the “carbon nanotube ink” disseminated clothing fibers, it has the ability to grasp the charge. When the clothes to retain sufficient charge, it can be treated the jacket to charge for the laptop, with trousers for
Mobile
Charging more.
The same principle and paper battery
This fact is an extension of the concept paper battery. December 7 last year, Stanford University scientists in a report set, they have successfully coated with silver nano-materials, carbon paper into the “paper battery” may become a new light and efficient storage method. Help coating attached to the same characteristics of paper attached to it and the silver in the single-walled carbon nanotubes nanowires film. Preliminary study found that use of nanowires made of silicon cells, the efficiency is now used to power laptops and other devices lithium-ion batteries 10 times.
“This battery for hybrid electronic devices, or providing energy. Use of such batteries, electronic devices will become lighter, last longer, and may one day produce paper electronic products. Battery weight and life of the power cars and trucks in the commercial development of a major obstacle encountered. “Yi Cui said.
In this way through the fiber storage, in addition to portable electronic devices and wearable electronic devices you can use it outside, the researchers said some of the super capacitor paper can also be applied to all the energy needs of the instantaneous power equipment on. University of California, Berkeley, chemistry professor Yang Peidong expects the technology will soon be commercialized.
Solve high cost is a priority
But for the future of this new type of battery, in particular, will replace the current battery, there are different views on the industry. Harbin Institute of Technology School of Applied Chemistry Department Professor Sun Kening that the new paper battery batteries as a new concept, the use of outlook is definitely yes. However, the paper published the battery from the current methods of production point of view, the production of such paper batteries need high cost of production of carbon nanotubes, is not suitable for mass production, so its usefulness is limited. Due process and other reasons, it is not a substitute for extensive use of other types of batteries, and can not market share in a short time.
But be sure, the new batteries for laptop computers, mobile phones,
Digital
Camera and even
Car
Is an ideal drive. For example, because plasticity, such batteries can even be made into the shape of the door, with uncomparable advantages over other batteries.
Researchers most urgent task is how to reduce the cost of such batteries.
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